高考英语命题重点归纳文章 2021高考英语命题方向

高考英语13个语法考点 高中英语重点语法知识归纳

You might be thirty pounds over your ideal weight, but you may he a wonderful laugh and a real enthusia for life. There are many people who don’t mind your extra pounds. You may drive a shabby car, but you might be a great dancer and a loyal friend. There are people out there looking for loyalty, or fun, or sweetness, or wisdom, and the package it comes in is not important. If you are worried that you are not beautiful enough to attract friends, keep in mind that not ryone is looking for physical beauty in their friends. You can decide to feel inferior(自卑) because you don't he much money and you don't drive a n car. You can beli that this is the reason that you don't he many friends in your life. On the other hand, if you are very wealthy you may be suspicious that ryone is after your money and that nobody really likes yo u as a person.

很多高中生不知道英语语法方面有哪些重点知识，高考英语经常出现的语法考点有哪些呢?下面我为大家介绍一下!

高考英语命题重点归纳文章 2021高考英语命题方向

高考英语命题重点归纳文章 2021高考英语命题方向

高考容易出现的13个语法知识总结 1. 考查nr置于句首时的倒装

当否定副词nr置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。如：(分别为BA)

(1) Nr in my wildest dreams _________ these people are living in such poor conditions. (安徽卷)

A. I could imagine B. could I imagine

C. I couldn’t imagine D. couldn’t I imagine

(2) Nr before _________ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today. (上海卷)

A. has this city been B. this city has been

C. was this city D. this city was

2. 考查little置于句首时的倒装

当否定副词little置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。如：(分别为DD)

(1) Little _________ that we were watching his ry move, so he seemed to be going his own way in this business. (安徽卷)

A. he realized B. he didn’t realize

C. didn’t he realize D. did he realize

(2) They he a good knowledge of English but little _________ they know about German (天津卷)

A. he B. did C. had D. do

3. 考查seldom置于句首时的倒装

当否定副词seldom置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。如：(分别为BA)

(1) Seldom _________ any apology when mistakes are made.

A. we receive B. do we receive

C. we received D. did we receive

(2) Seldom _________ an article that was so full of lies.

A. he I read B. I he read C. had I read D. I had read.

4. 考查hardly / scarcely置于句首时的倒装

当否定副词hardly, scarcely等置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同) 。如：(为A)

Hardly _________ Edinburgh than they were ordered to return to London.

A. had they reached B. they had reached

C. he the reached D. they he reached

5. 考查no sooner等置于句首时的倒装

当no sooner, no longer等结构置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同) 。如：(分别为AC)

(1) —Did Linda see the traffic accident?

—No, no sooner _________ than it happened. (天津卷)

A. had she gone B. she had gone

C. has she gone D. she has gone

(2) No sooner _________ mowing the lawn than it started raining.

A. he I started B. I he started

C. had I started D. I had started

6. 考查nowhere置于句首时的倒装

当否定副词nowhere置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。如：(为A)

Maybe you he been to many countries, but nowhere else _________such a beautiful place. (辽宁卷)

A. can you find B. you could find

C. you can find D. could you find

7. 考查by no means等置于句首时的倒装

当表示否定意义的副词性短语by no mearns, on no accounts, in no case, at no time等置于 句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。如：(为D)

I’ve tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means _________ with my progress. (重庆卷)

A. the teacher is not satisfied B. is the teacher not satisfied

C. the teacher is satisfied D. is the teacher satisfied

8. 考查not only置于句首时的倒装

_________ snacks and drinks but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest. (上海)

A. Not only they brought B. Not only did they bring

C. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring

9. 考查not until置于句首时的倒装

当not…until句式转换成not until且置于句首时，其后的主句部分习惯上要用倒装语序( 与一般疑问句形式相同)。如：(为B)

Not until I began to work _________ how much time I had wasted.

A. didn't I realize B. did I realize

C. I didn't realize D. I realized

10. 考查“only+状语”置于句首时的倒装

当“only+状语”置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。 如：(为DA)

(1) Only then _________ how much damage had been caused. (陕西卷)

A. she realized B. she had realized

C. had she realized D. did she realize

(2) _________ by keeping down costs will Power Data hold its aantage over other companies. (浙江卷)

11. 考查“so+形容词”置于句首时的倒装

当so…that句式的“so+形容词”部分置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序( 与一般疑问句形式相同)。如：(为BB)

(1) _________ that Maric was able to set up new branches elsewhere. (陕西卷)

A. So successful her business was B. So successful was her business

C. So her business was successful D. So was her successful business

(2) So difficult _________ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for a. (广东卷)

A. I did find B. did I find C. I he found D. he I found

12. 考查类似“so do I”结构的倒装

So do I这类结构表示的是前面提出的某一肯定的情况，后者也同样适用，通常可译为 “……也一样”“……也是如此”。如：(为CA)

(1) — My room gets very cold at night.

— _________. (江苏卷)

A. So is mine B. So mine is C. So does mine D. So mine does

(2) —It’s burning hot today, isn’t it?

—Yes. _________ yesterday. (福建卷)

A. So was it B. So it was C. So it is D. So is it

13. 考查类似“nor / neither do I”结构的倒装

nor [neither] do I这类结构表示的是前面提出的某一否定的情况，后者也同样适用，通常可译为“……也一样”“……也是如此”。如：(为B)

If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party, _________. (全国II)

A. he will either B. neither will he

C. he neither will D. either he will

高考英语语法重点归纳总结 一、名词和冠词

考点有名词的可数与不可数,名词的格,名词作定语,冠词的考点是,定冠词与不定冠词,零冠词。

二：代词和it的用法

一般常考的是other,another,the other,others的区别,both,either,neither,all,ry,each,none的区别,还有soming,anything,rything的用法(这个比较简单)这一块最难的应该是it,that,one作代词时的区别了。

三、介词和连【】C词

一般考动词的固定搭配,in,at,for,to,of,on,with,about,from,into,after···常用介词.连词最常考得应该是“除此之外”了,expect,expect for,besides,还有表原因的连词;as,for,since,because的区别。

四、形容词和副词

这一块比较简单最常考的就是比较级了,其次是以ly结尾但不是副词的词了,比如说friendly是形容词,形容词的排序问题在今年的高考中也出现了,不过这个是基础但不是重点。

五、动词和动词短语

这个考点是重点,在完形填空及改错和单选中是必考的,这个只能靠你自己的积累,课本中的动词短语是重点,必须记下来。

六、情态动词和虚拟语气,常见的情态动词就够应付考试了,虚拟语气是高中语法的难点但不是重点。

七、动词的时态和语态(就是主动句和被动句)时态有一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,过去进行时,一般将来时,现在进行表将来,一般现在表将来,过去将来时(一般不考),现在完成时,过去完成时,现在完成进行时(现在很常考)。

八、非谓语动词

动名词作主语,不定式作主语,动名词作宾语,不定式作宾语,动名词作定语,不定式做定语,这一块也比较简单九：数词和主谓一致,数词的考点;基数词,序数词,分数,百分数,(这一块既不是难点也不是重点),主谓一致在以前比较重要,现在地位有所下降。

高三英语完型填空需要掌握的技巧

后两部分也不是单一考查语言知识和写的能力，而是检查考生在补全和表达信息过程中正确、连贯加工和传递信息的能力。

各位同学如果想要取得一个不错的高中英语成绩，将取决于完形填空得分的多少。所以在做关于高中英语的习题时一定要注意完形填空的练习。那么高中英语完形填空有哪些解题技巧呢? 接下来是我为大家整理的 高三英语 完型填空需要掌握的技巧，希望大家喜欢!

高三英语完型填空需要掌握的技巧一

1. 通读全文，掌握大意，重视首句，启示全文

考生首先要通读全文，了解 文章 的内容、中心思想及文章结构，从整体上感知全文，掌握文中时间、地点、人物及。对于个别不理解的词句，只要不影响理解就不要管它。

“完形填空”一般采取首句不设空的原则，其目的是使读者进入语境，以便对理解全文有重要的启示。因此考生要重视并细读首句，并据此来判断文章的体裁、题材，推测全文的主旨和大意，推断 故事 发生的人物、时间、地点、气氛等多方面的信息。如2004年全国卷I 这篇完形填空，看了首句It was the night before the comition was due. As I looked at the list of topics(题目)，“The Art of Eating Spaghetti(意大利面条)”caught my eye.后，我们可大体上推断，这篇文章与写 作文 “吃意大利面条”有关，这样对于我们理解全文起到了很关键的作用。

2. 瞻前顾后，通篇考虑，紧扣文章，结合语法

了解了文章的主旨大意后，我们就可以联系上下文，瞻前顾后，运用 逻辑思维 对选项进行分析、比较、判断，选出符合逻辑及情理的选项。选题时可尝试从以下几个方面考虑：

1上下文语境角度考虑

上下文语境包括选择项与所在 句子 中的语义联系，所在句与周围句群的关系，所在句在本段中所起的作用，所在句在整篇短文中所起的作用以及与文章主题思想的关系等。

例：(全国II) 完形填空片断：

Tracy Wong is a well-known Chinese American writer. But her writing __36__ was soming she picked up by herself. After her first__37__, teaching disabled children, she became a part-time writer for IBM. __38__, writing stories was simply a __39__ interest.

36. A. skill B. experience

C. pract D. mod

【解析】 A。本题考查词义及搭配能力。她的写作技巧是她自己练出来的。pick up a skill 是练成/学会的一种技能，从搭配上看合理。

37. A. duty B. effort

C. job D. task

【解析】C。此题考查上下文语境的判断能力。空后的teaching disabled children 是前面内容的同位语，教残疾 儿童 是一种工作，且后文“part-time writer”(业余作家)，也说明她有一份工作。

38. A. Instead B. Normally

C. Certainly D. Then

【解析】D。结合上下文根据词义，可知为D, Then 意为“在当时”。

39. A. general B. deep

C. personal D. lively

【解析】C。全句意为：在当时，写作不过是她的一项个人兴趣(不是工作或谋生的手段)。

例：(2004 浙江)完形填空片断

“It was all his own idea,” says Pat, the wife of California high school football coach Bob Peters. Bob had __36__ made a “motherhood contract”- declaring that for 70 days this summer he would __37__ the care of their four children and all the housework. __38__ he didn't n know how to make coffee when sighed, he was very confident.

36. A. only B. just

C. nearly D. r

【解析】B。本题考查副词词义的辨析能力。Bob刚刚和妻子Pat签订了一份“母亲合同”——宣称今年夏天七十天里他将接管照料孩子们的工作以及一切家务。only表示“仅仅”;nearly表示“几乎、密切地”;over表示“结束、越过、从头到尾”的意思。

37. A. stick to B. set about

C. think about D. take over

【解析】D。本题考查动词词义辨析能力。take over 意为“接管”。 stick to表示“粘住”;set about表示“开始、着手”的意思;think about表示“考虑、回想”的意思，此处只有D项句意。

38. A. If B. As

C. Since D. Although

【解析】D。本题考查状语从句的词。句意：虽然他在签合同时连如何煮咖啡都不知，但他还是很自信。although表示让步的状语从句，符合句意。if表示“如果”，条件状语从句;表示“是否”，宾语从句。as作“尽管”讲时，从句部分必须是倒装语序。since表示“既然”时原因状语从句;表示“自从”时时间状语从句。

3逻辑推理、常识等角度考虑

例：(2004 湖北)完形填空片断

The couple called around to find a tire. No __43__ .They decided to let her use their own car. “Here,” Paul said, handling Clay a __44__ of keys.

43. A. way B. message

C. success D. luck

【解析】D。no luck 为固定 短语 ，意为：“运气不好”，表示没有找到好的车胎。

44. A. set B. number

C. pair D. chain

【解析】A。a set of意为“一副/套/串”，a number of 意为“许多”，a pair of意为“一双”，chain意为“锁链，链条”。根据生活常识，应为a set of keys(一串钥匙)。

3. 代入，复读全文，核对文意，纠正错误

完成选择后，要再花一两分钟，把所选代入空格，复读全文，核对文意，验证词汇、语法是否符合句型结构;句子是否流畅，上下文逻辑关系是否一致，全文是否紧凑且浑然一体，同时把自己认为错误的改正过来。

，同学们可以自己做做下面这篇完形填空哦

A Strange Greeting, a True Feeling Last week I was invited to a doctor’s meeting at the Ruth hospital for incurables. In one 【】Dof the wards a patient, an old man, got up shakily from his bed and moved towards me. I could see that he hadn't long to __1__, but he came up to me and placed his right foot close mine on the floor.

“Frank!” I cried in astonishment. He couldn’t __2__, as I knew, but all the time __3__ his foot against mine.

My __4__ raced back more than thirty years to the __5__ days of 1941, when I was a student in London. The __6__ was an air-raid shelter, in which I and about dred other people slept ry night. Two of the regulars were Mrs. West and her son Frank.

__7__ wartime problems, we shelter-dwellers got to __8__ each other very well. Frank West __9__ me because he wasn’t __10__, not n at birth. His mother told me he was 37 then, but he had __11__ of a mind than a baby has. His “__12__” consisted of rough sounds——sounds of pleasure or anger and __13__ more. Mrs. West, then about 75, was a strong, capable woman, as she had to be, of course, because Frank __14__ on her entirely. He needed all the __15__ of a baby.

When that sort of thing happened, the rest of us ed the __17__ ones. So before we __18__ that morning, I stood beside Frank and __19__ my right foot against his. They were about the same size. That night, then, I took a pair of shoes to the shelter for frank. But as soon as he saw me he came running and placed his right foot against mine. After that, his__ 20__ to me was always the same.

1. A. work B. stay C. live D. expect

2. A. answer B. speak C. ile D. laugh

3. A. covering B. moving C. fighting D. pressing

4. A. minds B. memories C. thoughts D. brains

5. A. better B. dark C. younger D. old

6. A. ce B. place C. sight D. scene

7. A. Discussing B. Solving C. Sharing D. Suffering

8. A. learn from B. talk to C. D. know

9. A. needed B. recognized C. interested D. encouraged

10. A. normal B. common C. unusual D. quick

11. A. more B. worse C. fewer D. less

12. A. word B. speech C. sentence D. language

13. A. not B. no C. soming D. nothing

14. A. fed B. kept C. lived D. depended

15. A. attention B. control C. treatment D. mament

16. A. lost B. needed C. destroyed D. left

17. A. troublesome B. unlucky C. angry D. unpopular

18. A. separated B. went C. reunited D. returned

19. A. pushed B. tried C. showed D. measured

20.A. nodding B. greeting C. meeting D. acting

与简析

文章介绍了作者和弗兰克的特殊关系，让作者有了一种不寻常的感觉。从选项中可以看出，本大题主要还是考查了词汇的辨析与运用，但更加注重综合语言能力的运用，需要根据上下文，了解词汇用法的同时，结合语境，做出准确的判断

1. C. 考查动词辨析：A. work工作，B. stay停留，C. live生活，D. expect期望，上文的“incurables"表明这位老人是不治之症患者，当然存活的时间不会太长。

2. A. 考查动词：A. answer回答B. speak说话C. ile微笑. Laugh嘲笑，句意，他不能回答。

3. D. 考查动词辨析：A. covering覆盖，B. moving移动C. fighting 斗争D. pressing 按压，由上下文暗示可知，将37岁的Frank与一个婴儿的智力进行比较，说明Frank的智力肯定不正常。他不能用语言回答别人的问话，但内心有一定的反应，因此一见到我便将右脚靠着我的右脚以示问候，节一句和一小节的上下文暗示也能说明这一点。

4. B. 考查名词：A. minds思维，B. memories记忆C. thoughts想法D. brains大脑，Frank的这一举动使我的记忆一下子回到了30年前。

5. B. 考查形容词：A. better更好的B. dark黑暗的，C. younger年轻的，D. old老的，下文交待30年前作者的生活，当时他只能住在防空洞中，生活一定很苦，这样的岁月当然是黑暗的岁月。

6. D. 考查名词：A. ce山洞，B. place地方C. sight视野D. scene场景，作者回忆30年前的生活，头脑中出现了防空洞的情景。

7. C. 考查动词：A. Discussing讨论B. Solving解决C. Sharing分享，分担，D. Suffering遭受，句意：在问题上由于拥有共同的话题，我们这些防空洞居住者逐渐了解了对方。

8. D. 考查动词：A. learn from向…学习，B. talk to谈论C. 帮助，D. know了解，在问题上由于拥有共同的话题，我们这些防空洞居住者逐渐了解了对方。

9. C. 考查动词：A. needed需要，B. recognized认识C. interested使…感兴趣D. encouraged鼓励，句意：一个37岁的人智力却不正常，这一现象逐渐吸引了我的注意。

10. A. 考查形容词：A. normal正常B. common共同的，C. unusual不寻常的，D. quick快的。

11. D. 考查形容词比较级：A. more越来越多的，B. worse更糟的，C. fewer更少D. less更少，尽管Frank已经37岁，但智力还不如一个婴儿。

12. B. 考查名词：A. word单词，B. speech演讲C. sentence句子，D. language语言。他的讲话仅体现了内心的快乐和愤怒，没有更多实在的内容。

13. B. 考查不定代词：A. not不是，B. no不，C. soming某个东西，D. nothing没什么。

15. A. 考查名词：A. attention关心B. control控制C. treatment治疗D. mament管理，他需要婴儿似的全部照料。

16. A. 考查动词：A. lost失去B. needed需要，C. destroyed破坏D. left离开，

她几乎失去了一切。

17. B. 考查形容词：A. troublesome恼人的B. unlucky不幸的，C. angry 生气的，D. unpopular不受欢迎的，West夫人遭受这么大的损失，我们只好尽力帮助这不幸的一家人。

18. A. 考查动词：A. separated分离，B. went去C. reunited重聚D. returned回到，在我们分手的时候。

19. D. 考查动词：A. pushed推动B. tried努力C. showed展示D. measured量，句意：那天早上临走前，我站在Frank身边，将我的右脚靠着Frank 的右脚以便量出他脚的大小。

20. B. 考查动词：A. noddin头，B. greeting问候C. meeting遇见D. acting表演，目的是为他买一双鞋子，哪知Frank将我的这一动作看成是问候的表现，从此他就用这一动作来问候我，这就有了本文开头的那种情景。

高三英语完型填空需要掌握的技巧二

做完形填空题应从哪些方面入手?

1.首先要以很快的速度浏览全文，掌握文章的主旨，不要急于看选项。浏览全文时要重点了解文中所叙述的人物、时间、地点、，即who，when，where，what。完形填空

命题的原则一般是句话不挖空，目的是使读者进入语境，因此一定要认真阅读这句话。例如：

Why is a space left between the rails of a railway line where one piece joins the next﹖

这句话从铁轨之间的缝隙引出了问题。根据常识，文中内容应与热涨冷缩的物理现象有关。

2.根据故事情节的发展选词，确定所填的词与文中哪个词有关系以及动作是在什么场合发生的。

3.试填之后将所选定的词放到文章中复读检查。(“字面译、通逻辑、搞代入、全文译”)

具 体 作中应注意的问题

1.看清上下文，找准定位词

充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是 同义词 或 反义词 。例如：

1)Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very?very_____.

A. deep B. high C. cold D. erous

根据转折连词but的提示，所填入的词应与shallow相反，因此为A。

2)Mrs O’Neill asked_____questions?and she didn’t scold us either.

A. no B. certain C. many D. more

and是一个并列连词;either为副词，用在否定句或否定词后加强语势，由此可以确定所填的词也应是一个否定意义的词，因此是A。

2.通顺逻辑，寻求搭配

注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。例如：

Here’s a fellow who just walked into a bank and ed himself_____so much money.

A. for B. by C. to D. of

表示“自取，随便拿”这个意义的短语是 oneself to…?故为C。

3.扎实基础，搞清辨异

Soon I heard a_____like that of a door burst in?and then a climb of feet.

A. sound B. cry C. vo D. shout

选项中的四个词都表示，但B，C，D项的三个词都是指从嗓子里发出的声音，而sound则表示各种各样的声音。因此是A。

4.看清执行者，确定所选词

And video cameras can be used to_____people’s actions at home.

A. keep B. make C. record D. watch

句中动作的发出者是video cameras?因此是C，意思是“记录”。

5.寻求上下逻辑，从容确定关系

It has been many years since I was last in London?_____I still remember soming that happened during that visit.

A. and B. for C. but D. as

根据句前的many years和句后的still remember应选表示转折的连词but.

6.了解生活常识，确定相关知识

(Immediay?)the offrs j

高三英语完型填空需要掌握的技巧三

完形填空题的短文中有15个填空，每个空为一题，每题有4个选项，要求在4个选项(4个单词)中填入1个，在填空处句子填入选项单词，要求必须符合语法词法句法结构、符合逻辑结构和关系、符合短文内容意思，最终使短文意思完整、内容连贯、文理畅通、结构合理。完形填空题是最难的一种题型，所以，近两年的考试中，都是在《考试用书》的15篇短文中一字不改地出的，把最难的题变成了送分题。希望今年也是如此，如果不是，那就要掌握这类题的特点和做题的步骤与技巧了。

完形填空难就难在，它要求我们要有较高的语法词法句法知识、语言理解能力和综合运用语言能力。它所设计的每一个填空在内容上都要求与上下文在语法词法句法和逻辑结构关系上密切联系，据统计，在15个选项中，要求填入实词(动词、名词和形容词)的占了三分之二以上，其他要求填入虚词(介词、副词)的`占三分之一左右，要求填的词几乎包括各种词类以及动词的不同时态和语态，有的甚至是固定短语或习惯用法。因此，一是其要求我们不但要有相当的语法、词汇、句法知识及运用技巧，要有一定的语言分析能力、较好语感与逻辑思维和较广泛的背景知识等外，二是其只是在四个没有任何联系中单词中选取一个，一个单词的信息量是极少的，它要求我们必须从填空处句子在内容意思上、语法词法句法和逻辑结构关系上获取更多的信息量，才能选出，

1、做题总思路：

从分析题型的设计知道，这类题其实是前三类考题(“阅读判断”、“概括大意与完成句子”和“补充短文”)的进一步提升，就是要加大对短文信息量的摄取。所以，做前三类题的步骤和技巧，特别是思路和逻辑推理 方法 ，也是十分适用其类题的。

针对这类题的要求和特点：是要在4个选项单词中选出1个符合语法知识、逻辑结构和前后内容意思衔接的单词，补充到原文划线的填空处句子，使原文成为一篇意思完整、前后连贯的短文;根据其要求与特点，有的放矢，我们还是运用综合分析排除法来选出正确的：一是不符合“语法词法句法”的排除，二是不符合“逻辑结构关系”的排除，三是不能使填空处“内容意思连贯”的排除。

要正确运用这些方法，当然能通读并读懂原文，因为这类题的原文难度一般是比较适中(长度大约150个词左右)，较容易掌握其大意。如果不能完全读懂，至少要读懂填空处句子的意思。所以其重点是真空处所在的句子。

2、做题注意事项及要求：

(1)尽量通读全文，掌握大意;

(2)做每个填空处要认真阅读其所在句子;

(3)不要钻牛角尖和强人所难。做这类题，做得一题算一题;

(4)遵守“感觉原理”，相信语感，不要随意改自己次所选的;

(5)注意填空处句子个和一个词、填充处句子的大概意思;

(6)对于不能确定的选项，可以查字典;

(7)要融会贯通综合分析的方法和以上技巧，并在《考试用书》中加以演练。

高三英语完型填空需要掌握的技巧四

Ⅰ 完形填空

完形填空(Cloze)是大学英语四级考试的一个组成部分。《大学英语四级考试大纲》指出：“完形填空部分的目的是测试学生综合运用语言的能力”，也就是理解篇章和使用词汇和语法的能力，大学英语四、六级考试采用的完形填空是：“在一篇题材熟悉、难度适中的短文(约200词)内留有20个空白，每个空白为一题;每题有4个选择项，要求考生在全面理解内容的基础上选择一个，使短文的意思和结构恢复完整”。?

1987年9月我国首次举行了全国大学英语考试，从首届考试至今的四、六级考试，多数试卷中都出现了完形填空，就完形填空文章的体裁来看，所选用的文章一般以 说明文 ，论述文为主，文章长度均超过了考试大纲所规定的200词左右的长度，一般都在200词至词之间。文章难度一般低于精读课文的难度，基本上无超纲生词。?

Ⅱ 完形填空的特点

1.测试考生对篇章的理解能力，虽然所给的文章被抽去了20个词，但是整篇文章的内容仍是可以理解的。如果考生不能理解文章内容，就难以将正确的词填入文中。这也就是完形填空题与以单句形式考核词汇和语法的试题的根本区别。由此可见，考生在做题时必须时刻从上下文考虑，不应该只看到所填的词在短句或句子内是否可行。如果某题要求在4个连接词if, because, so和although中进行选择，就要考虑放入句子后是表示条件关系、因果关系还是让步关系，要根据句子所要求的意义确定。因此，在做题时先将全文通读一下，了解全文的意思以后再做题。?

2.测试考生使用词汇和语法结构的能力。文章中留出的每一个空格要求填入一个词。考试大纲规定：“填空的词项包括结构词和实义词”。结构词(也称虚词，有代词、冠词、介词、连词、关系词等)主要是表示语法结构关系的，在选用结构词时便需要考虑在语法上是否恰当。对实义词(名词、形容词、数词、动词和副词)的选择既要看其意思用在句中是否得当，也要看它与其他词的搭配关系是否合适。例如：be good at不可写成be good in, take part in不可写成make part in等等。

Ⅲ 完形填空的重点与难点

完形填空所测试的内容大致分为4类：

1)词汇辨义题;

3)语法结构题;

4)逻辑推理题。

有两点这里需要说明：一是我们将动词短语和短语动词的测试内容划归为“习惯用法和固定搭配题”;二是有些题的选项考的既是词汇辨义内容，又是逻辑推理内容，因为我们在上文已经提到，完形填空的解题是以对篇章的理解为基础的。所以，这里我们只是从命题角度以及根据每个选项与上下文关系的密切程度，大致地为每道题确定一个解题思路或应试向导。?

对最近五次考试所采用的完形填空题进行统计，我们发现，词汇辨义题占大多数，一般都占40%?50%，习惯用法和固定搭配与语法结构一般都各占20%-25%，逻辑推理题占10%-15%。如1997年6月的Cloze中词汇辨义题有8个(占40%)，习惯用法和固定搭配题有5个(占25%)，语法结构题有4个(占20%)，逻辑推理题有3个(占15%)。从以上统计可以看出，完形填空的命题思想是将词汇用法作为重点，以篇章理解为基础，考核学生的语法知识和对词汇的运用能力。根据这一命题思想，我们可以有针对性地、比较系统地复习和整理语法知识，特别是词汇知识(语法)，并且结合“词汇与语法结构”部分的准备，将常用的语法项目以及词法项目，尤其是大学英语考试中经常出现的难点、重点归纳 总结 一下，这样做可以起到事半功倍的效果。?

高考英语概要写作题目

I quite agree with the statement that … The reasons are chiefly as follows.

概要不论是英语还是中文写作中，要简单地在高考上概括出来还是有一定的的难度的。下面是我给大家整理的与范文，供大家参阅!

范文

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. Howr, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.

In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular er was though to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to oid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.

Though the belief in the merit 好处 of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a n neighbor r since the 18 century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of prnting disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness he moved beyond science since World War II. Aertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths r softer, suces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, howr, gone too far?

Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist 免疫学家, encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune . And the latter 后者 ition is gaining some ground.

原创范文，仅供参考

One sible14. D. 考查动词：A. fed喂养B. kept保存C. lived生活D. depended依赖，West夫人不得不强壮而又有能力，因为Frank完全依靠于她，他需要婴儿似的全部照料。 version：

People he mixed opinions towards dirt on our skin. 要点 1 For a long time in history, people of some European countries, such as France, belid that dirt protected people from getting ill. 要点 2 Howr, people began to change their attitudes to dirt about 200 years ago. People he been told that washing dirt off our body can keep us healthy. 要点 3 Howr, some scientists beli that exure to some dirt may our immune . 要点 4

高考英语概要写作点拨

【范文点拨】

一要点分析

1. 文章段就是本篇文章的主题句，亮明了总的观点：Howr, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt. 换句话说：Different people he different attitudes towards dirt. 再结合下文谈到的主题可知Different people he different attitudes towards dirt on the skin. 范文中的要点1“People he mixed opinions towards dirt on our skin. ”概括非常精炼。

2.第二段主要谈到了在16世纪，人们认为dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease，尤以英、法两国的贵族为代表。结合第三段句Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a n neighbor r since 18 century.可知，直到18世纪之前，人们都认为dirt是很“友好的”，有助于预防疾病。范文中的要点2 “For a long time in history, people of some European countries, such as France, belid that dirt protected people from getting ill.”很好地总结了这些要点。

3. 第三段用Though引出人们对dirt观点的转变“…since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health.”再结合本段一部分Aertisements repeatedly sell the idea…可得出要点3“Howr, people began to change their attitudes to dirt about 200 years ago. People he been told that washing dirt off our body can keep us healthy.”

4. 文章一段句指出，现在人们对于dirt的态度还是有所不同，On the contrary引出专家的观点，一位免疫学家认为dirt有助于增强免疫系统。这一观点获得了一些支援。范文中的要点4“Howr, some scientists beli that exure to some dirt may our immune .”表达很恰切。

二 要点连线

文章概要，在写完了要点之后，下一步的工作就是要把这些要点用适当的连线词进行连线，使上下句之间具有连贯性。本篇文章整篇结构是总分的结构，要点2和要点3在观点上截然相反，因此，之间需要表示转折的连线词，范文用了Howr恰到好处。要点3和要点4在观点上又存在不同，因此，还是用表转折的连线词Howr。不过我认为，此处用Nrtheless可以避免三句话内出现两次Howr。

三 汇

段：fixed 确定的;不变的 第二段：means 手段，方法, block out 挡住, open up 开启, upon ……之后;立即 第三段：long-lived 长期存在的, sell the idea 说服某人接收某个观点 第四段：warn off 某人不要靠近, ition 观点, gain some ground 取得优势

以上这些对于整篇文章的理解与转化成自己的语言都很关键，如果不能准确领会其用意，语篇理解的效果会大打折扣。所以，概要写作的基础是理解语篇，而读懂语篇的基础是词汇，尤其是对汇的掌握与运用。在此基础上，综合运用语法与句法结构，按照行文逻辑组织语言，形成概要。

二、题型解读

1.题型介绍

◆选材特点

1所需阅读的短文词数在350以内;

2所选材料体裁没有限制，以说明文、议论文和记叙文为主。

◆评分参考

阅卷时主要考虑以下内容：

1对原文要点的理解和呈现情况;

2应用语法结构和词汇的准确性;

3上下文的连贯性;

4对各要点表达的性情况。

注意：理解准确，涵盖全部要求，完全使用自己的语言，准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇，得分相应比较高。相反，如果概要写作部分出现两句以上整句抄自原文现象，得分档次将会大大降低;所写内容与所提供内容无关不得分。

2考查能力

概要写作，简言之就是对所读过的文章简要概括，写出文章的中心大意，也可称之为摘要。写概要时，读者要是把文章的具体资讯用一些具有概括功能的词和句表述出来，而不是抄袭文章的原句，更不是把细节性资讯作为中心，而是要通过对文章中的单词、片语和句子进行合理转换，对文章的具体资讯进行概括，再用合适的语言表述出来。这一题型主要考查学生对文章主旨大意的概括和准确获取的能力，同时考查学生用简洁的语言概括文章重要资讯的能力以及对文章整体结构的把握能力。因此，概要写作是基于阅读理解和书面表达，是二者的有机结合体，是阅读理解和书面表达的沟通桥梁。

3写作步骤

1细读原文。首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握文章主旨和结构，明确各段的大意。

2弄清要求。新高考的概要写作是写全文概要，不是写某一部分的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。

3列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。

4在写作时要特别注意下面几点：

1概要应包括原文中的主要事实，略去不必要的细节。

2安排好篇幅的比例，概要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。

3注意要点之间的衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬。

4不排斥用原文的某些词句，但不要照搬原文的句子，如果不能完全用自己的话语表达，至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换，如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。

5计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求。

4.备考建议

1积累常见的同义短语和句型转换，掌握并运用单词、短语和句型。“巧妇难为无米之炊”，即使有再好的写作技巧，如果没有相应的基础词汇和句法知识，也很难写出概要写作的上乘之作。因此，考生要在基础词汇和句法知识上下功夫，以不变应万变。

2 进行适度地专题练习。有地进行适度练习有利于考生快速掌握概要写作的要点，找到概要写作的感觉，冲破对概要写作的不适感。平时可多关注往年的高考阅读文章，进行结构分析和主旨概括训练。可按文体和题材，分类训练篇章结构的布局，增强对文章上下文连贯性的把握。概要写作首先要掌握各种文体的写作特点和框架。如：

议论文：opinion / idea + argument supporting ideas / reasons

说明文：phenomenon / problem + reason + solution cause and effect, introduction of an object how it is made, how it is used, how it may change, what makes it new or significant

： a focus on the first paragraph and the first and last sentences of the other paragraphs

综合以上分析可知，新高考更加重视考查考生高中阶段英语基本技能的掌握情况，也注意考查考生进入高等学校继续学习的潜能，目标是利用高考命题的导向功能推动新课程的课堂教学改革。

》》》》下一页更多精彩“与范文”

做高考英语阅读理解的技巧和方法

随着高考的日益临近，同学们还都在紧张的复习2从词汇意义及用法的角度考虑之中，争取在高考中取得一个自己满意度成绩.接下来是我为大家整理的做高考 英语阅读 理解的技巧和 方法 ，希望大家喜欢!

做高考英语阅读理解的技巧和方法一

1、做英语阅读理解题的正确流程

1)其实做阅读理解最正确的流程就是正确的阅读习惯以及自己的做题习惯。有些同学的阅读习惯是先看问题，再读 文章 ，然后做题，再次略读文章。

这个顺序就是带着问题去读文章，目标明确比较节省时间。次读文章的时候大概了解一下文章内容以及问题的大概位置(看到问题的相关内容就标记一下，省的做题的时候又得找)，做题的时候就不用再在文章中找了。做完阅读理解的所有题以后，再略读一下文章，看有没有忽略的地方。

2)先读文章，再做题目，再读一遍文章。这时大部分同学做阅读理解题的习惯。首先阅读文章掌握全文脉络，然后根据题目和选项排查信息，选出。这种方法做阅读理解正确率比较高，但是比较浪费时间，因为大部分人的记忆都没有好到读一遍文章就清楚每个细节的地步，所以读完文章以后做题的时候还要再次回头去找。

具体的阅读流程还得根据自己的做题习惯以及效率来决定。

2、找

做阅读理解题的时候，大家可以找一下题目中的，然后根据在文中找。再根据题目内容、以及选项确定出正确的。

3、用排除法

排除法是做选择题的方法。在高考英语阅读理解中，大家也可以用排除法来提高自己做题的速度以及正确率。

先读问题，然后再看选项，把违背提要求的内容先排除掉，然后在其他选项里找出正确。

做高考英语阅读理解的技巧和方法二

推理判断题

主要考查学生对文章中隐含或深层的含意的理解能力。它要求考生根据文章内容做出合乎逻辑的推断，包括考生对作者观点的理解，态度的判断，对修辞、语气、隐含意思等的理解。题干：infer(推断),

indicate(象征，暗示), imply/suggest(暗示), conclude(作出结论), assume(定，设想).

1.细节推理判断题

一般可根据短文提供的信息或借助生活常识进行推理判断，常见命题形式有：

It can be inferred/ concluded from the text that __________.

The author implies/ suggests that_____.

We may infer that _________.

Which of the following statements is implied but NOT stated?

★真题范例

(天津卷) ……. Some eyes rolled and there were a few low groans(嘟囔声)when Ms.Yates was about to speak. Many started looking at their watches and coming up with excuses to be anywhere instead of preparing to listen to a lecture from and old woman who had few kind words for her students and made them work harder than all the other teachers combined. ……..

42. What can be inferred from Paragraph 2?

A. Some graduates were too busy to listen to Ms. Yates’ speech.

B. Many graduates disliked Ms. Yates’ ways of teaching.

C. Some people got tired from the reunion activities.

D. Most people had little interest in the reunion.

：B

2.预测推理判断题

根据语篇对文章接下来的内容或可能的结局进行猜测，常见命题形式有： What do you think will happen if/when…?

At the end of this passage, the writer might continue to write_____

3.推测文章来源或读者对象

常见命题形式有：

The passage is probably take out of_____

The passage would most likely be found in_____

Where does this text probably come from?

4.写作意图、目的、态度推断题

作者的语气态度往往不会直接写在文章里，只能通过细读文章，从作者的选词及其修饰手段中体会出来。

询问写作目的的题，选项里常出现的词是：explain(解释), prove (证明), persuade(劝说), aise(劝告), comment(评论), praise(赞扬), criticize(批评), entertain(娱乐), demonstrate(举例说明), argue( 辩论 ), l(讲述), yze(分析)等。

询问语气态度的题，选项里

常出现的词是：neutral(中立的), sympathetic(同情的), satisfied(满意的), friendly(友好的), enthusiastic(热情的), subjective(主观的), objective(客观的), matter-of-fact(实事求是的), pessimistic(悲观的), optimistic(乐观的), critical(批评的), doubtful(怀疑的), hostile(敌对的), indifferent(冷淡的), disappointed(失望的)。常见命题形式有：

The pure of the text is_____

What is the main pure of the author writing the text? By mentioning…, the author aims to show that_____

What is the author’s attitude towards…?

What is the author’s opinion on…?

The author’s tone in this passage is _____.

解题技巧

推断题是考查学生透过文章表面的文字信息进行分析、综合、归纳等逻辑推理的能力。推理和判断必须以事实为依据，切莫主观臆断。

①那些文章中直接陈述的内容不能选，要选择根据文章推理出来的选项。

②推理不是凭空猜测，而是立足已知推断未知;作出正确时一定要在文中找到依据或理由。

③要忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据。不能以自己的观点代替作者的想法;不要脱离原文主观臆断。

词义猜测题2.thesentence“hewassomingoutofanancientlegend.”impliedthat___

考点：

①猜测某个词、词组、 句子 的意义

②对文中的多义词或词组进行定义

③判断某个代词的指代的对象。常见命题形式有：

The underlined word/phrase in the second paragraph means _____.

The word “it/they” in the last sentence refers to______.

The word “…”(Line 6. para.2)probably means ______.

The word “…”(Line 6. para.2)could best be replaced by which of the following?

Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “…” ?

做高考英语阅读理解的技巧和方法三

1. 记叙文

记叙文是以叙述描写为主要方式，以记人、叙事为主要内容的一种文体。其主要特点为通过生动的事例来反映生活和作者的思想感情。记叙文的表达方式常常结合了说明、议论、描写、抒情，生动形象地讲述发生在过去、现在和未来的事情。

常考的记叙文有传记、和 日记 等。但无论哪种记叙文，都囊括了的时间、地点、人物、事情的起因、经过和结果。阅读时常常抓住时间这条主线，弄清when、where、who、what、why与how。记叙文的中心是整篇文章最为重要的东西，所有的细节都是为了同一个主旨而服务。作者表明主旨的地方，大部分都在结尾，只有小部分记叙文文章的中心在开头。

2. 说明文

说明文通过对实体事物(如仪器、产品、自然环境)的解说, 或对抽象事理(如概念、原理、定律)的阐释, 使人们对事物的形态、特征、构造、性能、种类、成因、功能等有所了解, 或对事理的特点、来源、演变、异同等有所认识，从而获得有关的知识。说明文多见于科普文章。常使用的说明顺序有时间顺序(如事物的发展变化)、空间顺序(如建筑结构)和逻辑顺序(如因果、现象与本质)。英语阅读理解中的说明文多为 科普知识 方面的文章, 文中常包含有结构复杂的长句、难句。

因学术性强、抽象度高, 解题的难度相对较大。阅读说明文的关键是：抓住说明对象的本质特征。阅读时须注意：1) 注意说明的顺序, 了解文章的结构, 把握文章的脉络。2) 在阅读过程中划出长难句的主干成分(主谓宾)、标出、有的可边看边画草图或结构、流程图。

我：高中英语阅读理解解题技巧与方法

3.应用文

应用文一般分为两大类：一类是叙述性应用文，例如书信、日记、便条、 报告 、请帖等;另一类是说明性应用文，包括 广告 、 启事 、海报、守则、公告、个人 、备忘录、摘要等。英语试题主要涉及宣传广告、公告类应用文，当然偶尔也出现了书信类文章;文章呈现形式除了文字外还有图表、、表格、地址、网址等。

应用文的命题特点：1)应用文类文章，语言简练，一般来说和所述问题无关的文字不会出现，例如很多文章没有标题，许多文章甚至通篇都没有一句完整的句子，而是用词、数字、缩写、 短语 等来替代。2)就其用词来看，文章中充斥着大量冗长而生僻的专有名词，例如人名、地名、机构名、组织名、书籍名、作品名等等，而且均没有汉语注释。

3)应用文的行文方式：每种文体都有其固定的格式。叙述性应用文采用一般记叙文的写作方法，无特别之处;说明性应用文的行文是排列式——即以小标题为单位逐一下行排列。4)应用文的设题一般按照文章段落的顺序依次设置。设题内容一般以细节题为主，也兼有询问短文出处和写作意图的题目。

高考英语重要知识点：写作重点句型

记叙文：what / who / when / where / why / how

本文是 考 网写作翻译频道 为您准备的《高考英语重要知识点：写作重点句型》请大家参考!

(1)、疑问词+r whatr, whor, whichr, whenr,

wherr, howr用来让步状语从句，相当于no matter和what, who, which, when, where, how连用。

[例句]

Whatr (=No matter what) may happen, we shall not lose hope.

无论发生什么事，我们都不能失去希望。

Whatr reasons you (may) he, you should carry out a A. Only B. Just C. Still D. Yetpromise. 无论你有什么理由，你都应该遵守诺言。

Whor (=No matter who) comes, he will be warmly welcome. 无论谁来，都会受到热烈欢迎。

Whenr (=No matter when) it happened, it was certainly not yesterday.

此事无论发生在何时，但绝不是昨天。

Whenr you (may) call, you will find her sitting by the window. 无论什么时候你去找她，你都会看到她坐在窗边。

Wherr (=No matter where) he went, he made friends with people.

他们当中不论你选哪一个，品质都一样。

Howr (=No matter how) hard I he tried, I can't find the answer.

(2)、whatr, whor, whichr, whomr等名词性从句，这时不能用no matter+疑问词替换。

[例句]

Take whichr you want. 你要哪个就拿哪个。

We will do whatr we can to him out. 我们要尽力帮助他摆脱困境。

I'll show you whatr you want to see. 你想看什么我就给你看什么。

Whor did this job must be rewarded. 无论谁做这件事都要得到报酬。

Whor walks around in such a hey rain will catch a cold. 任何人在这种大雨中行走都会患感冒。

You may invite whomr(口语中常用whor代替)you like to the party. 你可以邀请你喜欢的人来参加晚会。

Take whatr magazines you want to read. 你可以取阅任何你想读的杂志。

倒装结构

句型22

全倒装句型(一)

here, there, out, in, up, down, now, then, away等副词放在句首，句子需要全部倒装

[例句]

There goes the bell! = The bell is ringing. 铃响了!

Here comes the bus. =The bus is coming. 汽车来了。

Now comes your turn to make a short speech. 该轮到你发言了。

Away went the thief when he saw the pol.

Then came the hour we had been looking forward to. 我们期盼的时候到了。

[注意]

(1)在这种情况下倒装仅限于不及物动词或be动词，像go, come, rush, live, stand, lie等。

(2)主语是人称代词时不要倒装。如：Away he went. 他走远了。

句型23

全倒装句型(二)

表示方位的状语放在句首，句子全倒装;谓语动词多为be, lie, stand, sit, come, walk, run, stop etc. 不及物动词。

[例句]

On a hill in front of them stands a great castle. 在他们面前的山上矗立着一座巨大的城堡。

In front of the house stopped a pol car. 房子的全面停着一辆警车。

Around the corner walks a young polman. 拐角处有个年轻的警察在行走。

Under the tree sat a boy of about ten. 在树下坐着一个大约10岁的男孩。

句型24

全倒装句型(三)

(表语)adj. / v-ing / v-ed +(地点状语)+ be(或其他动词形式)…

So adj./a…that…如此……以至于……(so的句子倒装，而that的句子不倒装!) (这种结构是半倒装句。)

[例句]

Present at the meeting were the mar, all the designers and the writer. 出席会议的有，设计师和词作者。

Fastened to the pole is the National flag. 旗杆上有一面国旗。

Hidden behind the door were some naughty children. 有几个顽皮的孩子藏在门后面。

Sitting at the back of the classroom were sral old teachers, listening attentively to the new teacher. 坐在教室后面的是几位老教师，他们在认真地听新教师的课。

Gone are the days when farmers lived in the poor houses.

农民住在破旧房子里的日子过去了。

Typical for China is the crosstalk show, where a pair of comedians entertains the audience with word play. 相声是典型的喜剧，两个演员通过玩弄词藻来逗乐观众。

So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood.

他说英语非常清晰，别人都能听懂他的话。

So fast does light trel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光运行非常快，我们几乎无法想象它的速度。

关于高考英语阅读理解题的应考技巧

■策略一、紧扣主旨大意

高考英语阅读理解的主旨大意题主要是考查考生在理解全文的基础上运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维的方法对文章进行高度的概括或总结的能力。常见的设问方式有：

●标题类：what'sthebesttitle/headlinefor

thepassage？

●大意类：thetextiainlyabout__.the

topic/subjectdiscussedinthepassageis_.fromthepassage，wecanconcludat_.

inwritingthepassage？

针对主旨大意类型的题，考生可以掌握以下解题策略：把握文章逻辑结构，快速找出主题；寻找主题句，确定文章中心思想；将首段中心句和各段句话连接成一个整体，得出文章主题；逆向思维法解标题类问题。

一、把握文章逻辑结构，快速找出主题

高考阅读理解文章的主要逻辑结构：

1、时间顺序。按时间先后顺序说明某一、某一理论的发展过程，属于这种结构的文章主题通常在首段或末段。

2、“总说-分述”结构。首段做总的说明，其他段落分别说明或具体论述首段的观点，属于这种结构的文章主题在首段。最典型的是类文章，此类体裁的文章在近年高考阅读中逐渐增多。一般这类文章都有固定格式：城市名称(社)———内容。掌握一些知名社的英文名称是必要的，路透社reuters，associatedpress，法新社agencefrancepresse。

3、“分述-总说”结构。前面几段分别说明，末段总结。属于这种结构的文章主题在末段。

二、寻找主题句，确定文章中心思想

不是所有的文章都有主题句，对于大部分有主题句的文章来说，主题句表达了文章的中心思想，找到了主题句，也就抓住了文章的主旨大意。主题句呈现的形式有：

1、在文首。文章开门见山，提出主题，随后摆事实、讲道理来解释、支撑和发展主题句所表达的主题思想。2、在文中。通常前面只提出问题，随之陈述细节引出主题，而后做进一步的解释、支撑或发展。3、在文尾。在表述细节后，归纳要点，得出结论，以概括主题。

三、将首段中心句和各段句话连接成一个整体，得出文章主题

通常有些文章会在首段提出一个重要论点，随后在各段分别进一步从不同角度继续阐述，这样我们可以找出首段的中心句，再将其和各段句串联在一起，就可以得出文章的中心思想。如：(2006卷d篇71题)

whichisthebesttitleforthepassage？

a.societalconditionsinpremoderntimes

b.practsofreducingmaternalattach-ment

c.poorhealthservandhighinfantdeathrate

d.differenceetweenmodernandpremodernparents

段：perhapstoprntthesadnessthat

infantdeathcaused，anumberofsocietalpractsdlopedwhichworkedagainstearlyattachmentofmotherandchild.

第二段：oneofthesepremodernattach-ment-discouragingpractswastolee

infantsunnameduntiltheyhadsurvived

intothesecondyear.…

第三段：athirdpractwhichhadthe

samedistancingeffectwaswet-nursing.…

从段的中心句和各段的句不难看出，这篇文章的标题应该是practsofreducingmaternalattachment.

四、逆向思维法解标题类问题

(2005全国i卷b篇62题)whatwould

bea.hewasequippedwiththebestrepairingbesttitleforthetext？

a.across-countrytripb.aspecialbor-derpassc.anunguardedborderd.anexpensivechurchvisit

如果标题是across-countrytrip，那么文章应该讲述一次出境旅行；如果标题是aspecialborderpass，那么文章应该着重讲一个特殊的边境通行证；如果标题是anunguardedborder，那么文章应该侧重讲边境如何不设防；如果标题是anexpensivechurchvisit，那么文章应该讲一次礼拜如何花费昂贵了。经过这样的逆向思维，我们不难发现文章的内容恰好与标题anexpensivechurch

visit一致，因此应该选d。

一、对于写作意图的把握

1.注意连接词的使用：neartheendofthelastyearinmiddleschool，mydad

tookmetothewildliferefuge.heneeded

togetsomealigatorbloodtodotheexper-iment.atfirst，ithoughtfishingforalligatorswasabadidea.whatifonetriedtoeatme？butwehadalotof，and

mydadknewalotaboutalligators，soitwasok.

first，but，so等展开的。所设题目是：

whydidthewriterthinkthatfishingforaligatorswasabadideaatfirst？

a.becausewriterwasafraidofthe

fiercealligator.becauseweshouldprotectalligators

c.becausewriterwasnotareashisfatherd.becausewriterknewlittleaboutalligators

某些句型表面看上去是比较级，而实际上是含义。mymotherdeci-dedtotakemeonthetrip.itcouldn'tbebetter.(itcouldn'tbebetter=it'sgreat.意为“太好了”)

注意虚拟语气的使用。howiwishihadpassedthedrivingtest.(我多么希望已通过了驾照考试呀！)此句暗含的事实是：并没通过考试。

3.将自己想象为故事中的主人公，体会其心理感受

有一篇文章，写一个老太太刚刚在海边买了一座别墅，打算在那里度过余生。因为那里的气候湿润温暖，更适合她的健康。此时她站在曾经生活了25年的房子里，环顾这曾经装载了她的大半生的房子。所给的问题是：howdoestheoldladyfeelatthelastmomentinldhouse？正确是：herfeelingiscomplex.其他的选项如sheishappy/she

issad等都片面。只要我们设身处地站在老太太的位置上想一想，就不难找到正确。

4.把握全篇文脉，仔细揣摩事情发生的背景

我们不仅要掌握一定的语言知识，还需要平时储备一定的逻辑推理能力以及必要的西方的文化背景知识，才能完全领会文章的主旨或者其所渗透出的幽默感。请看下面这篇介绍父子关系的文章。句话就开门见山：myfatherandiwerryclose.hewasalwaysproudofmysuccess.然后用一个事例说明：ifiwonaspelingcontestatschool，hewasontopoftheworld.如果知道beontopoftheworld是“高兴至极”的意思，也只是理解了语言的表层含义。接下来：wheniwasnamedpresidentofthe

fordmotorcompany，ididn'tknowwhichofuswaoreexcited.正确理解了上文的铺垫，才会真正领会此句暗含的意味及幽默：实际上父亲比我还高兴。如果对西方人的生活方式及习惯比较了解的话，也不难接受下面的句子：ihuggedandkissedmydadatryoppor-

tunity———nothingcouldhefeltmorenatural.我们再来继续欣赏一下父亲鲜明的个性：myfatherwasacuriouanwhowasalwaystryingnewthings.hewasthefirstpersoninmytowntobuyamo-torcycle.unfortunay，myfatherandhis

motorcycledidn'tgetalongtoowell.he

felloffitsooftenthathegotridofitjustamonthafterbuyingit.asaresult，henragaintrustedanyvehiclewithlessthanfourwheels.读懂了这些，就不难理

解下文中为什么父亲不让“我”拥有一辆自行车，反而当“我”刚满16岁就让我开车了。正确理解了文章的来龙去脉及内涵，对于文后题目的处理也就会轻而易举了。

二、对于出题意图的把握

1.正确理解一个事物的两个方面

有些题目不是直接照搬原文的话，而是用一些另外的语言表达出同样的意思，因此我们必须掌握用英文解释英文的技能。如一篇介绍辍学学生的文章，文章先后两次谈到学生辍学后的感想。次：moststudentswhodroppedoutofschoolintheunitedstatesadmit

theymadeamistakebygivingupand

somesaytheymighthestayedifclassesweremorechalenging.

第二次：threeoutoffoursaidiftheycouldturnbacktheclocktheywouldchoosetostay.文后的题目是whichof

thefolowingisrightaccordingtothepass-age？正确是：mostdropoutstudentshopetogobacktoschoolifsible.虽然

原文没有像题目这样明确说明，但其实这是一个事物的两个方面；对于辍学的后悔其实就是希望继续上学。通过正确推断这些文句的含义，即可找出正确。

2.以文章内容为基础进行判断

■策略三、合理推理判断

一、理解定义。判断是对已知的事实仔细评价之后做出的合理决定。推理是对事实的内涵所做的陈述或以事实为依据对未知所做的陈述。注意无论是判断还是推理都是以已知事实为依据。

二、推理题常见的提问形式。常以infer，

imply，indicate，suggest，conclude，learn，in-

tend，mean，describe，pure等词提问。

或含有表推测的情态动词，如can，could，might，would等和其他表示可能性的动词，如probably，mostlikely等。

三、具体策略

1.通过辨认细节的技巧，找到相关的事实或证据，对这些事实或证据进行分析和评价，在此基础上再作决定。切记：推断是以文章提供的事实为依据，而不是凭空想象，更不是读者自己的意愿。

2.借助常识。在推理判断题中，我们平时积累的一些常识通常会派上用场。2006年陕西高考英语试卷中一篇关于通信发展史的阅读最为典型。a.thetalservhasovertheyearecome

3.务必要用排除法。排除法在此类题型中发挥着不可磨灭的作用。根据在文章中找到的事实依据和常识排除错误信息，再排除和文章中一词不的信息(文章里的原句不会是推理判断出来的结果，但通过同义词或句型转换过的选项有可能是正确)，再排除无关或偏离信息，正确就不言而喻了。

4.词句段篇，相互交融。词的理解要放在句子里，句子的理解要靠段，段的理解也离不开篇。单独说floor谁都知道是什么意思，但…shewasflooredtoseewnnameandaddressinsidecover，inwnhandwriting…这个语境里是surprised的意思。因此不能地看某个词或某句话。此外，学生对一词多义或一些习语的积累也是很有必要的，这就要靠同学们课下多下工夫了。

例heisanoldcobbler(修鞋匠)withashopinthemarais，ahistoricareainparis.whenitookhimmyshoes，heat

firsttoldme：“ihenotime.takem

fixthemrightaway.”

buti'dhadmyeyeonhisshopforalongtime.justlookingathiench

loadedwithtollsandpiecesofleather，iknewhewasaskilledcraftan(手艺人).“no，”ireplied，“theotherfellowcan'tdo

itwel.”

“theotherfellow”wasoneofthose

shopkeeperswhofixshoesandmakekeys“while-u-wait”-withoutknowingmuchaboutmendingshoesorkeys.theyworkcarelessly，andwhentheyhefin-ishedsewingbackasandalstrap(鞋带)you

mightaswelljustthrowawaythepair.

mymansawiwouldn'tgivein，andheiled.hewipedhishandsonhilueapron(围裙)，lookedatmyshoes，hadmewrynameononeshoewithapieceofchalkandsaid，“comebackinaweek.”iwasabouttoleewhenhetookapairofsoftleatherbootsoffashelf.

“seewhaticando出题的原则：一般性原则，公正性原则。？”hesaidwithapride.“onlythreeofusinpariscando

thiskindofwork.”

whenigotbackoutintothestreet，

theworldseemedbrand-newtome.hewassomingoutofanancientlegend(传说)，thisoldcraftanwithhiswayofspeak-

ingfamiliarly，hisverystrange，dustyfelthat，hisfunnyaccentfromwho-knows-whereand，aboveal，hisprideinhiscraft.

thesearetimeswhennothingisim-portantbutthebottomline，whenyoucandothingsanyoldwayaslongasit“pays”，when，inshort，peoplelookonworkasapathtor-increasingconsumption(消费)ratherthanawaytorealizeirowli-ties.insuchaperioditisararecomforttofindacobblerwhogetshisgreatestsatisfac-tionfrom

prideinajobweldone.

1.whichofthefollowingistrueabouttheoldcobbler？

tools.b.hewastheonlycobblerinthe

marais.c.hewasproudofhisskils.d.hewasanativeparisian.

a.nowadaysyoucanhardlyfindanyone

likehimb.itwasdifficulttocommunicatewiththianc.themanwasvery

stranged.themanwastooold

解析：1.c文中多处提到关于自豪的字眼acobblerwhogetshisgreatest

satisfactionfromprideinajobwelldone.andhesaidwithapride.这正是c项的涵义。a，d是无关信息文中没有提及排除b是错误选项。依据：theotherfellow还有onlythreeofusinpariscando…

2.a说他像古代传奇中的人物。言行，打扮尤其对自己手艺的自豪，现代罕见。insuchaperioditisarare

comforttofindacobblerwhogetshisgreatestsatisfactionfromprideinajobwelldone.b，d在文章中没有任何依据，排除。c项的strange很有迷惑性但文中说到的是strangehatnottheman.

■【试试看吧】

allthroughmyboyhoodandyouth，iwasknownasanidler;andyetiwasalwayusyonmyownprivad，whichwastolearntowrite.ikeptalwaystwobooksinmypocket，onetoread，onetowritein.asiwalked，mymindwausyfittingwhatisawwithappropriate

words;whenisatbytadside，iwouldeitherread，orapencilandanote-bookwouldbeinmyhand，tonotedownthefeaturesofthesceneorwritesomepoorlinesofverse.thusilivedwithwords.

andwhatithuswrotewasfornofutureuse;itwaswrittenconsciouslyforpract.itwasnotmuchthatiwishedtobeanauthor(thoughiwishedthat，too)asthati

haowedthatiwouldlearntowrite.thatwasaproficiencythattemptedme;andipractisedtoacquireit.descriptionwastheprincipalfieldofmyexercise;fortoanyonewithsensesthereisalwayssome-thingworthdescribingandtownandcountryarebutonecontinuoussubject.but

iworkedinotherwaysalso;ioftenaccom-paniedmywalkswithdramaticdialogues，inwhichiplayedmanyparts;andoftenexercisedmyselfinwritingdownconversationsfrommemory.

thiswasallexcellent，nodoubt.andyetthiswasnotthemostefficientpartofmytraining.goodasitwas，itonlytaughtmechooftheessentialnoteandtherightword.andregardedastraining，ithad

onegredefect;foritsetmenostandardofachiment.sotherewasperhaporeprofit，astherewascertainlymoreeffort，in

mysecretlaboursathome.whenri

readabookorapastparticularlypleasedme，inwhichathingwassaidoraneffectrenderedwithpropriety，inwhichtherewaseithersomeconspicuousforceorsomehappydistinction(巧妙特色)inthestyle，imustsitdownatonceandsetmy-selftoapatquality.iwasunsuccessfulandiknew

it;andtriedagain，andwainunsuccessfulandalwaysunsuccessful;butatleastinthesevainboutsigotsomeprac-tinrhythm，inharmony，inconstructionandthecoordinationofparts.ihus

playedthesedulousapetohzlitte，tolamb，towordsworth，todefoe，to

hawthorne.that，likeitornot，istheway

tolearntowrite;wheriheprofitedornot，thatistheway.itwasso，ifwecouldtraceitout，thatallmenhelearned.

1.inthispassage______.

a.anexpertlsabouthowwriterecome

successful

b.awriterlsaboutthetechniquesofwriting

c.astudentlsabouthowhelearnedtowrite

d.awriterlsabouthiperienceof

learningtowrite

2.fromthispassagewecaninferthat____.

a.itisagoodhabitforryonetotakebooksinhispocketwhileidlinginthestreet.

b.practandimitationareimportantin

learningtowrite

c.onehadbetterstarttolearntowrite

fromone'syoungerdays

d.failureisthemotfsuccess

参db

高考英语阅读文章

While Andrew was getting ready for work one Friday morning, he announced to his wife that he had finally decided to ask his boss for a salary raise. All day Andrew felt nervous and anxious as he thought about the upcoming showdown. What if Mr Larchmont refused to grant his request? Andrew had worked so hard in the last 18 months and landed some great accounts for Braer and Hopkins Aertising Agency. Of course, he deserved a wage increase.

阅读是人们获取信息的重要途径。对于我国中学英语教学来说，阅读始终为中学英语教学的关键组成部分，而高考英语是中学英语教学中非常关键的组成部分。下面就是我给大家整理的高考 英语阅读 文章 ，希望大家喜欢。

faster.b.thetalservhasovertheyearecomeslower.大家都应知道交通越来越发达，邮电业当然是faster.此篇还涉及到有关发邮件的常识，如果同学们有这个commonsense，就如鱼得水了。

Many of us mistakenly beli that it's wrong to think we he any good qualities. We may spend a lot of time blaming ourselves for our negative qualities, thinking that self critici is the key to improving our performance. Howr, a constant focus on our suped shortcomings can stop our efforts to make friends with other people. How can we beli that others could like us if we beli our inner being is flawed(有缺陷)?

If someone seems to dislike you, the reason for that dislike might he little or nothing to do with you. The person who doesn't like you might be fearful, or shallow, or busy or shy. Perhaps you and that person are simply a miatch for each other at this particular time.

Don't take yourself out of the by deciding that your flaws are bigger than your good qualities. In fact, some o f the very qualities you consider to be flaws may be irresistible to someone else. For all the factors that might cause one person to reject you, there are at least as many factors that will work in your for with someone else.

The point is that you can focus on just about anything and beli it's the reason you do not he friends and cannot make any.

36. According to the author ___________ plays an important role in friends.

A. admitting your shortcomings B. self critici C. modesty D. confidence

【解析】推理判断题。根据a constant focus on our suped shortcomings can stop our efforts to make friends with other people.既然我们强调我们的缺点有可能在交朋友方面成为绊脚石，那么我们就应该自信，故选D。

37. If you are not liked by a person, _________ .

A. you should find the reason in yourself

B. you’d better talk with the person face to face

C. you may not be the one to be blamed

D. you and that person misunderstand each other

【解析】细节理解题。根据If someone seems to dislike you, the reason for that dislike might he little or nothing to do with you. The person who doesn't like you might be fearful, or shallow, or busy or shy.不喜欢你也许和你一点关系都没有，你也许不应该受到责备，故选C。

38. We can learn from the third paragraph that ____________ .

A. your good qualities may turn out to be your flaws

B. your weakness may also be your strengths in some way

C. your negative qualities cause a person to reject you

D. you’ll he few friends if your flaws are bigger than your good qualities

【】B

【解析】细节理解题。根据In fact, some of the very qualities you consider to be flaws may be irresistible to someone else.你的弱点也许是在某方面是你的强项，故选B。

39. Which of the following is true according to the author?

A. It is important to lose weight.

B. It is easier for a wealthy person to make friends.

C. Inner qualities are more important than physical appearance.

D. If you are not beautiful enough, try to improve yo ur physical beauty.

【解析】细节理解题。根据If you are worried that you are not beautiful enough to attract friends, keep in mind that not ryone is looking for physical beauty in their friends.内心的美比外在的美要重要的多，故选C。

40. What do you think the author is most likely to suggest if he continues to write?

A. How to find your good qualities.

B. How to make friends.

C. How to make self critici.

D. How to lose weight.

【】A

【解析】细节理解题。根据The point is that you can focus on just about anything and beli it's the reason you do not he friends and cannot make any.既然找到了交不上朋友的原因 ，那么就应该找出自己的好的品质，下面就应该写如何找到自己好的品质，故选A。

高考英语阅读文章篇二：太阳能

Sunny countries are often poor. A shame, then, that solar power is still quite expensive. Eight19, a British company by Cambridge University, has, howr, invented a novel way to get round this. In return for a deit of around $10 it is supplying poor Kenyan families with a solar cell able to generate 2.5 watts of electricity, a battery that can deliver a three amp(安培) current to store this electricity, and a lamp whose bulb is a light-emitting diode(二极管). The firm thinks that this , once the battery is fully charged, is enough to light two all rooms and to power a mobile-phone charger for sn hours. Then, next day, it can be put outside and charged back up again.

The trick is that, to be able to use the electricity, the 's keeper must buy a scratch card—for as little as a dollar—on which is printed a reference number. The keeper sends this reference, plus the serial number of the household solar unit, by SMS to Eight19. The company's server will respond automatically with an access code to the unit.

Users may consider that they are paying an hoy rate for their electricity. In fact, they are paying off the cost of the unit. After buying around $80 worth of scratch cards—which Eight19 expects would take the erage family around 18 m onths—the user will own it. He will then he the option of continuing to use it for nothing, or of trading it in for a bigger one, perhaps driven by a 10-watt solar cell.

In that case, he would go then through the same process again, paying off the additional cost of the upgraded kit at a slightly higher rate. Users would therefore increase their electricity supply steadily and affordably.

According to Eight19's figures, this looks like a good deal for customers. The firm belis the erage energy-starved Kenyan spends around $10 a month on oil—enough to fuel a couple of oky lamps—plus $2 on charging his mobile phone in the market-place. Regular users of one of Eight19's basic solar units will spend around half tha t, before owning it compley. Meanwhile, as the cost of solar tech nology falls, it should get n cheaper.

41. The underlined word “get round” in the first paragraph can be replaced by _______ .

A. make use of B. come up with C. look into D. deal with

【解析】词义猜测题。make use of利用; come up with想出; look into调查; deal with处理。根据solar power is still quite expensive及Eight19, a British company by Cambridge University, has, howr, invented a novel way to因为太阳能仍然很贵，所以Eight19发明了一个新的 方法 来解决这个问题，故选D。

42. What should the user do when the electricity in the battery is used up?

A. Buy a scratch card.

B. Recharge it outside.

C. Buy another solar cell.

D. Return it to the company.

【】B

【解析】细节理解题。根据文章段一句Then, next day, it can be put outside and charged back up again.可知没有电了，你可以把它放在外面重新充电，故选A。

43. How much would users pay for the cell and scratch cards before they own a 2.5-watt solar cell?

A. Around $10. B. Around $80. C. Around $90. D. Around $180.

【解析】细节理解题。根据文章1,3段After buying around $80 worth of scratch cards—which Eight19 expects would take the erage family around 18 months—the user will own it. 和In return for a deit of around $10 it is supplying poor Kenyan families with a solar cell able to generate 2.5 watts of electricity可知在你拥有这些之前，你要花费90元。故选C。

44. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that __________ __.

A. Kenyan families would find it difficult to afford the solar cell

B. using the solar cell would Kenyan families se money

C. few Kenyan families use mobile phones for lack of electricity

D. the company will make a great profit from selling solar cells

【】B

【解析】推理判断题。根据文章一段The firm belis the erage energy-starved Kenyan spends around $10 a month on oil—enough to fuel a couple of oky lamps—plus $2 on charging his mobile phone in the market-place. Regular users of one of Eight19's basic solar units will spend around half that, before owning it compley. Meanwhile, as the cost of solar technology falls, it should get n cheaper.可知这样做会让太阳能的成本降低，会给肯尼亚的人来到好处。故选B。

45. What might be the most suitable title for the passage? A. Solar Energy: Starting from Scratch.

B. Eight19: a creative British Company.

C. Kenyan Families: Using Solar Energy for Free.

D. Poor Countries: Beginning to Use Solar Ene rgy

【】A

【解析】标题归纳题。根据文章主题段段内容可知本文讲述的是Eight19,这家英国的公司所采用的使用太阳能的一种新的方法，故选A。

高考英语阅读文章篇三：加薪

The thought of walking into Larchmont’s off left Andrew weak in the knees. Late in the afternoon he was finally courageous enough to approach his superior. To his delight and surprise, the r-frugal(一向节俭的)Harvey Larchmont agreed to give Andrew a raise!

Andrew arrived home that ning—despite breaking all city and state speed limits—to a beautiful table set with their best china, and candles lit. His wife, Tina, had prepared a delicate meal including his forite dishes. Immediay he figured someone from the off had tipped her off!

Next to his plate Andrew found a beautiful lettered note. It was from his wife. It read: “Congratulations, my love! I knew you’d get the raise! I prepared this dinner to show just how much I love you. I am so proud of your accomplishments!” He read it and stopped to reflect on how sensitive and caring Tina was.

After dinner, Andrew was on his way to the kitchen to get dessert when he observed that a second card had slipped out of Tina’s pocket onto the floor. He bent forward to pick it up. It read: “Don’t worry about not getting the raise! You do deserve one! You are a wonderful provider and I prepared this dinner to show you just how much I love you n though you did not get the increase.”

Suddenly tears swelled in Andrew’s eyes. Total acceptance! Tina’s support for him was not conditional upon his success at work.

The fear of rejection is often softened and we can undergo almost any setback or rejection when we know someone loves us regardless of our success or failure.

31. What was Andrew’s plan that Friday?

A. To request a wage increase from his boss.

B. To get a job with the Braer and Hopkins Aertising Agency.

C. To celebrate his success with his wife at home.

【】A

【解析】细节理解题。由“he announced to his wife that he had finally decided to ask his boss for a salary raise.”可知他打算要求老板给他加薪。故选A。

32. On his way back home, Andrew _________.

A. felt weak in the knees

B. was punished by the traffic polman

C. was too anxious to share the news

D. couldn’t wait to enjoy a meal

【解析】细节理解题。由“Andrew arrived home that ning—despite breaking all city and state speed limits”中“尽管超出了城市及的车速”可 知Andrew车开的很快，说明他很急切地回家去分享这个好消息。故选C。

33. Which of the following statements about the story is FALSE?

A. Andrew was afraid that his request would lead to disaster.

B. Andrew had worked very hard and done his part for the company.

C. Andrew’s boss agreed to his request.

D. One of Andrew’s colleagues had told his wife the good news.

【解析】推理判断题。第五段“a second card had slipped out of Tina’s pocket onto the floor.”提到妻子还写了一封信。根据后面信的内容，妻子不知道他加薪的要求是否取得了老板的同意而准备了两封信。所以没有人告诉他妻子这个好消息。故选D。

34. Why did Tina prepare a grand dinner for Andrew that day?

A. She was confident of his getting a pay raise.

B. She meant to show her support whatr the result would be.

C. She belid t hat her huand was the best in his company.

D. She wanted to express her gratitude for his devoti on to the family.

【】B

【解析】细节理解题。“Tina’s support for him was not conditional upon his success at work. ”说明Tina对他的支持不是基于他在工作上的成功。无论结果如何她都会支持他。故选B。

35. We can conclude from the text that ______.

A. we should nr be afraid to ask for what is due to us

B. work hard and you will be rewarded

C. many fears turn out to be unfounded

D. unconditional love brin gs courage and strength

【解析】推理判断题。一句“we can undergo almost any setback or rejection when we know someone loves us regardless of our su ccess or failure.”说明无条件的爱带来勇气和力量。

以上就是我为你整理的高考英语阅读文章，希望对你有帮助!

高考英语短文改错题答题要点

高考英语阅读文章篇一：交友

导语：高考英语改错题近些年新增的题型，也是考生感到棘手的题型之一。我对近几年的高考英语改错题作了细致的分析并加以归类后，为大家整理了2017高考英语短文改错常见错误，供大家学习参考。

(2)自然科学（Natural Science）有10篇

2017高考英语短文改错题答题要点

一、高考英语短文改错常见错误类型汇总

1、冠词的多用、少用、混用。

2、名词 的数与格的误用。

3、主谓不一致的错误

学生往往容易忽视定语从句中强调句型中的主谓一致性。

4、代词的指代不一致的错误

代词的指代一致性包括人称、数、格和性四方面的统一。代词的人称可分为、二、三人称和非人称;代词的数分为单数和复数;代词的格分为主格、宾格、所有格还有名词性物主代词;代词的性分为阳性、阴性和中性。

5、动词的时态、语态和语气的误用

多数动词有时态、语态、和语气变化形式，还有上下文的时态呼应，主从句的时态一致。

6、非谓语动词的误用

非谓语动词的难点主要体现在V—ing形式和过去分词的用法区别、V—ing形式与不定式的用法区别、以及非谓语动词的时态、语态的正确运用。 7、形容词、副词的混用及其比较等级的误用。形容词一般在句中作定语修饰名词或代词，作表语说明主语的性质、特征;而副词的作用较复杂，常常修饰形容词 、副词 、介词短语、动词或全句。形容词和副词比较等级的误用现象：①省略不当;②自身比较;③修饰语的误用;④than连接的两个比较对象不一致或不平行。

8、关联词语的误用

关联词分并列连词 and，but，or，so，when等，从属连词——各种从句的词。关联词语的误用除涉及到其基础知识，还涉及至行文逻辑关系。短文改错题惯用的命题手法是：①and，but，or，so等之间的混用;②because与so并用;③although与but并用;④why 与because并用;⑤come与go混用;⑥here与there混用。

9、平行结构的误用

平行结构是指用一连串作用和结构相同的或相似的成份表达同一范畴或同一性质、密切关联的内容。平行结构有词之间的平行、词组之间的平行、句子或从句之间的平行、段落之间的平行。在平行结构中常用的并列连词 有and，but，or，than等。

10、成分的多与少——多一词或少一词

多或少的'词语，常见于冠词、介词、不定式标记to等，不过有时也可能是实义词。在短文改错中常出现repeat back，serve for等错误。这类错误大多由于学生受汉语表达习惯的影响，或对英语词义的理解不够准确造成的。

11、固定搭配、习惯用法和介词的误用

二、高考英语短文改错题的十大常见错误

1.形容词与副词的误用。如exciting与excited，hard与hardly，sible与sibly，here与there等，以及形容词与副词的比较级与。

2.名词的单复数误用。如在sral，many，various，different，a few，one of等之后，常用名词的复数，在ry与each之后常用单数。

3.代词的误用。如you与your，it’s与its，it与they或them，one与ones，宾格(如me)与反身代词(如myself)等的误用。

4.介词的误用、缺少或多余。常见的如in 与on，to与for，instead与instead of，because与because of等的误用。

5.时态的错误。看一篇文章，要有一种大局观，要上前下挂，看看上下文的时态是否一致。

6.连词的误用。如or与and的误用，and与but的误用，so与but的误用，because或since与so连用，though与but连用等。

7.第三人称单数后的动词形式。

8.一些固定结构的误用。如so.。。that被误用作very.。。that，too.。。to被误用very.。。to，as.。。as被误作so.。。as等。

9.定语从句中，which，that，when，where等混淆不清。

10.一些常用词，如what与how，except与besides，any与some以及它们的合成词如any-thing与soming，anywhere与somewhere等混淆不清。

高考英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧

高考英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧如下：

1、题型分类：主旨大意题，答题技巧：阅读totheotherfellowonthemainstreet;he'll理解文章多是议论文和说明文，这两种文体的结构可归纳为：提出问题——论述问题——得出结论或者阐明观点。对于这类文章，抓主题句是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。

2、细节理解题，答题技巧：可直接找到相关细节，但Obviously, if we don't control the problem, the chances are that … will lead us in er.需经过计算方可找到。

3、推理判断题，答题技巧：推断题是考查大家透过文章表面的文字信息进行分析、综合、归纳等逻辑推理的能力。推理和判断必须以事实为依据，切莫主观臆断。

4、词义猜测题，答题技巧：通过因果关系猜词通过因果关系猜词。专业老师在线权威答疑 zy.offercoming